![]() ![]() The optical rotation of the sample is weighed by taking the sum of the optical rotation of each monomer. The individual value of the optical rotation of each anomer and their ratio in the solution determines the optical ratio of a solution. A liquid solution of the pure alpha compound will rotate at a different angle and in the opposite direction to that of the solution of the pure beta compound. The alpha and beta anomers of the sugars have different specific rotations. Further, after some time, an equilibrium state is achieved between both forms show that the reaction follows the zeroth law of thermodynamics. It means that even if a compound is 100% pure (containing only one form when it’s dissolved in water), it undergoes the equilibrium state with its linear pattern.įor example, when a 100% alpha-glucose form is added to water, it unmasks itself into a straight chain (or linear pattern).Īnd, when it reforms, it can either change into an alpha form or beta form. Mutarotation involves the mechanism of ring-chain tautomerism. The two different cyclic hemiacetal forms of sugars establish a state of equilibrium with the linear form. For mutarotation to occur, a compound must have a free-anomeric carbon.īut in sucrose, both the anomeric carbons are involved in the formation of glycosidic linkage, because of that, they don’t exhibit the phenomenon of mutarotation. ![]() The condensation reaction involves the anomeric carbons of glucose and fructose that lead to the formation of an O-glycosidic bond between the two molecules. Sucrose is formed by a condensation reaction between a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule. To understand the concept of mutarotation in non-reducing sugars, let’s take the example of sucrose. This is also the reason why they are not oxidized by a weak oxidizing agent or do not possess reducing power. Examples include sucrose and trehalose. Non-reducing sugars don’t have any free aldehyde or ketone groups.
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